URGENT PRIORITY

When the Cameras Come: Setting Up Donations in 24 Hours

The news truck just pulled up. Your community is about to get national attention. In 48 hours, people across the country will want to donate. Will you be ready to receive—and steward—their generosity?

This Can't Wait

After a major disaster gets media coverage, donations peak in the first 72 hours. If you don't have a way to receive money when the story airs, you'll lose the majority of donation potential—forever. People donate once, in the moment. They don't come back.

Why Speed Matters

Here's what happens after a disaster makes national news:

Hours 0-6
Breaking News
Local coverage begins. Social media posts start spreading. If you're lucky, you have a day before this goes national.
Hours 6-24
National Attention
Major networks pick up the story. Drone footage of destruction goes viral. People across the country start asking "How can I help?"
Hours 24-72
Peak Donation Window
This is it. The majority of individual donations happen in this window. If you have a donation link, it gets shared. If you don't, that money goes to national organizations—or nowhere.
Days 4-14
Attention Fades
The news cycle moves on. Donations drop to a trickle. Major gifts and foundation grants may still come, but the grassroots wave is over.
Months 1-18
Long Recovery
The actual work happens. Families need help for months or years. But most public attention—and most donation dollars—came in that first week.
The Rule

You have approximately 24 hours from when your disaster hits national news to have a donation mechanism in place. Every hour you delay costs real money that could help real families.

Fiscal Sponsorship: The Fast Path

You probably don't have a 501(c)(3) nonprofit ready to go. That's fine. Most communities don't. The solution is fiscal sponsorship.

What is Fiscal Sponsorship?

A fiscal sponsor is an existing 501(c)(3) organization that agrees to receive and manage donations on your behalf. Donors get their tax deduction, you get access to the funds for disaster relief, and you don't need to wait months for IRS approval.

How it works:

  • You partner with an established nonprofit (your community foundation, a local church, United Way, etc.)
  • They create a designated fund for your disaster relief effort
  • Donations go to them, earmarked for your work
  • They cut checks or reimburse expenses as you need funds
  • They handle the accounting and tax reporting

Finding a Fiscal Sponsor Fast

Call these organizations today:

  1. Your local Community Foundation — This is their job. Most can set up a disaster relief fund within 24-48 hours. They have existing processes for this.
  2. United Way — Many local United Ways will serve as fiscal sponsors for disaster relief, especially if they're not already running their own fund.
  3. A large local church — Churches with established 501(c)(3) status can accept donations on your behalf. Look for one with a history of community involvement.
  4. Your state VOAD — Some state VOADs can serve as fiscal sponsors or can connect you with member organizations who will. Find your state VOAD →
What to Ask a Potential Fiscal Sponsor
  • Can you set up a designated fund within 24-48 hours?
  • What percentage do you retain as an administrative fee? (Typical: 5-10%)
  • How quickly can we access funds once donated?
  • Can you accept online donations, or just checks?
  • What reporting will you provide?
  • Who has authority to request disbursements?

Fiscal Sponsorship vs. Your Own Nonprofit

Factor Fiscal Sponsor Your Own 501(c)(3)
Time to launch 24-48 hours 3-12 months
Cost 5-10% of donations $400-850 filing fee + legal costs
Control Sponsor has final say on expenditures Full control
Accounting burden Sponsor handles it You handle it (990 filings, etc.)
Best for Immediate needs, single-event disasters Long-term operations (18+ months)

Our recommendation: Start with a fiscal sponsor. You can always form your own 501(c)(3) later if the recovery effort will last more than 18 months. Don't let paperwork delay helping people.

Starting Your Own 501(c)(3)

If you're planning for a long-term recovery effort (most tornado/hurricane recoveries last 2-3 years), you may want your own nonprofit. Here's what's involved:

Formation Steps

  1. Incorporate in your state — File articles of incorporation as a nonprofit corporation. Cost: $25-300 depending on state. Time: 1-7 days.
  2. Get an EIN — Apply for an Employer Identification Number from the IRS. Free, instant online.
  3. Draft bylaws — Establish how your organization will be governed. Templates are available from your state nonprofit association.
  4. Form a board of directors — You'll need at least 3 people (requirements vary by state).
  5. File Form 1023 or 1023-EZ — Apply for 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status. Form 1023-EZ (simplified) costs $275 and takes 2-4 weeks. Full Form 1023 costs $600 and takes 3-6 months.
Don't Wait for 501(c)(3) Status

Use a fiscal sponsor to start accepting donations immediately. File for your own 501(c)(3) in parallel. Once approved, you can transition donor relationships to your own organization.

Payment Processors That Work Fast

Once you have a fiscal sponsor (or your own nonprofit), you need a way to accept online donations. Here are your best options for speed:

Fastest Setup (Hours)

PayPal Giving Fund / PayPal Donate

  • If your fiscal sponsor is already enrolled in PayPal Giving Fund, you can use their existing account
  • No monthly fees, 1.99% + $0.49 per transaction
  • Donors can pay via PayPal, credit card, or Venmo
  • Setup time: Minutes if sponsor is enrolled, days if not

Stripe

  • Industry standard for nonprofits
  • 2.2% + $0.30 per transaction for nonprofits
  • Can be embedded into any website
  • Setup time: Same-day approval for most nonprofits

GoFundMe Charity

  • Familiar to donors, high trust factor
  • 0% platform fee (payment processing fees apply)
  • Built-in social sharing
  • Setup time: 24-48 hours verification

Good Options (Days)

Facebook Fundraisers

  • 0% fees if using Facebook Payments
  • Excellent reach for viral sharing
  • Must be enrolled in Facebook Charitable Giving Tools
  • Setup time: 1-3 days for nonprofit verification

Network for Good / Classy / Bloomerang

  • Full-featured donation management platforms
  • Better for ongoing donor relationships
  • Higher fees and monthly costs
  • Setup time: Days to weeks
Pro Tip: Stack Your Options

Set up multiple donation channels. Have a Stripe-powered page on your website, a GoFundMe for social sharing, and PayPal as a backup. Different donors prefer different platforms. Make it easy for everyone.

Building an Effective Donation Page

Your donation page needs to accomplish three things: establish trust, create urgency, and make giving easy.

Essential Elements

  • Clear, specific headline "Claremore Tornado Relief Fund" not "Community Disaster Fund"
  • One compelling photo Real damage from your disaster. Don't use stock photos.
  • Brief description (2-3 sentences) What happened, who's affected, what donations will do.
  • Suggested donation amounts $25, $50, $100, $250, $500 with impact descriptions
  • Trust signals Fiscal sponsor name, local organization logos, "100% goes to families"
  • Minimal form fields Name, email, payment info. That's it. Every extra field loses donors.

Example Impact Statements

$25 — Provides a hot meal for a family of four and cleaning supplies to start recovery

$50 — Covers one day of generator fuel for a family without power

$100 — Buys tarps and materials to weatherproof a damaged roof

$250 — Provides emergency housing assistance for one week

$500 — Covers materials for volunteer crews to repair one home

Messaging That Converts

What you say matters as much as where you say it. Here are messaging principles that work:

Lead with Local

National organizations have brand recognition, but you have something they don't: you're actually there. Emphasize that donations stay local and go directly to affected families.

100% of donations go directly to Claremore families affected by the May 25th tornado. No overhead. No administrative costs. Your neighbors helping your neighbors.

Be Specific About Impact

Vague appeals don't work. Tell people exactly what their money does:

Weak Strong
"Help disaster victims" "Help Mrs. Johnson rebuild her roof before the next storm"
"Support relief efforts" "$50 buys the tarps and nails our volunteer crews need for one home"
"Every dollar helps" "We've helped 47 families. 89 more are waiting."

Create Appropriate Urgency

Urgency should be honest, not manipulative:

  • Good: "Rain is forecast for Thursday. We need to tarp 12 more roofs before then."
  • Good: "Volunteer crews arrive Saturday. We need $3,000 for materials by Friday."
  • Bad: "DONATE NOW OR FAMILIES WILL SUFFER!!!"

Transparency From Day One

Disaster donations attract scrutiny. Protect your reputation (and your community's trust) by being radically transparent from the start.

What to Track

  • Total donations received (update daily during peak period)
  • Number of families assisted
  • Types of assistance provided
  • How funds were spent (categories, not individual payments)
  • Administrative costs (ideally zero or near-zero)

What to Report

Publish updates at these intervals:

  • Daily during the first week (even just a social media post with total raised)
  • Weekly during months 1-3
  • Monthly after month 3
  • Final report when the fund closes

This week: 23 families received assistance. Funds spent: $12,450 on roofing materials, $3,200 on tree removal, $1,800 on temporary housing. Zero administrative overhead—every dollar went to families.

Example weekly update

The "100% Promise"

If you can truthfully say "100% of donations go directly to affected families," that's powerful. To make this work:

  • Fiscal sponsor waives their administrative fee (many will for disaster relief)
  • Administrative costs (website, flyers, etc.) are covered by separate grants or sponsors
  • All volunteer time is documented but not paid

If you can't make the 100% claim, be honest about what percentage goes to direct assistance. "92% goes directly to families, 8% covers essential coordination costs" is still a strong message.

Common Mistakes

Commingling Funds

Never mix disaster relief donations with other organizational funds. Open a separate bank account (or fiscal sponsor fund) exclusively for disaster relief. This is both a legal requirement and essential for transparent reporting.

Other Mistakes to Avoid

Waiting for "perfect" before launching

Your donation page doesn't need to be beautiful. It needs to exist. Launch something basic in 24 hours; improve it later.

Not getting in front of the story

If a news outlet is covering your disaster, reach out to them with your donation link. They want to tell viewers how to help. Make it easy.

Accepting in-kind donations you can't use

This guide is about cash donations for a reason. Managing donated goods is a separate challenge (and often a liability). Cash is more efficient. Don't dilute your message.

No plan for excess funds

What happens if you raise more than you need? Define this upfront. Options: support neighboring communities, fund future preparedness, donate to state VOAD. Have this in writing before it becomes an issue.

Ignoring QR codes for on-site donations

If you're setting up a relief center or hosting media, have QR codes that link directly to your donation page. Many people will want to donate immediately from their phones.

Frequently Asked Questions

You can accept donations without 501(c)(3) status, but donors won't get a tax deduction. This dramatically reduces donation amounts. Use a fiscal sponsor instead—it gives donors their tax deduction while you operate without your own tax-exempt status.

This happens constantly after disasters—well-meaning individuals start crowdfunding campaigns. If possible, work with them to consolidate efforts. If their campaign is for personal relief, that's different from community-wide recovery. Be clear about what your official fund covers and coordinate rather than compete.

This is why case management matters. Establish clear criteria (e.g., demonstrated disaster impact, income below a threshold, unmet needs after insurance and FEMA). Document decisions. Consider forming an "unmet needs committee" with representatives from multiple organizations to review cases. Read our case management guide →

If your fiscal sponsor can handle it, yes—these can be significant gifts. But don't prioritize setting this up. Focus on credit cards and PayPal first. Cryptocurrency and stock donations are edge cases that can wait until you have basic operations running.

Many employers match employee donations. If you're using a fiscal sponsor, verify they're registered with major matching gift databases (Double the Donation, Benevity, YourCause). Mention matching gifts in your communications—"Your employer may match your gift, doubling your impact."

As long as you're actively providing assistance. Many LTRs operate for 18-36 months after a major disaster. When donations slow to a trickle and remaining needs are met, publish a final report and close the fund. Have a plan for any remaining balance (transfer to preparedness efforts, state VOAD, or another community in need).


Ready for the Next Step?

Once donations are flowing, you'll need to coordinate how they're distributed. Learn how to set up case management for disaster survivors.

Case Management Basics →